Types of mango powder making machine
Mango powder, also known as amchur, is a popular ingredient in Indian cuisine. It is made by grinding dried mangoes into a fine powder. There are several types of mango powder making machines available in the market, each with its unique features and benefits.
1. Hammer Mill: A hammer mill is a machine that uses rotating hammers to pulverize and grind materials. It is commonly used in the food industry to grind spices, grains, and herbs. A hammer mill can also be used to make mango powder. The dried mangoes are fed into the machine, and the hammers crush them into a fine powder.
2. Pin Mill: A pin mill is a machine that uses a series of pins or blades to grind materials. It is commonly used in the food industry to grind spices, grains, and herbs. A pin mill can also be used to make mango powder. The dried mangoes are fed into the machine, and the pins or blades crush them into a fine powder.
3. Ball Mill: A ball mill is a machine that uses rotating cylinders filled with steel balls to grind materials. It is commonly used in the mining and construction industries to grind ores and rocks. A ball mill can also be used to make mango powder. The dried mangoes are fed into the machine, and the steel balls crush them into a fine powder.
4. Air Classifier Mill: An air classifier mill is a machine that uses air to separate materials based on their size and density. It is commonly used in the food industry to grind and classify spices, grains, and herbs. An air classifier mill can also be used to make mango powder. The dried mangoes are fed into the machine, and the air classifier separates the powder based on its size and density.
5. Fluidized Bed Jet Mill: A fluidized bed jet mill is a machine that uses high-speed jets of air to grind materials. It is commonly used in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries to grind and classify powders. A fluidized bed jet mill can also be used to make mango powder. The dried mangoes are fed into the machine, and the high-speed jets of air grind them into a fine powder.
In conclusion, there are several types of mango powder making machines available in the market, each with its unique features and benefits. The choice of machine depends on the specific needs and requirements of the user.
Pros and Cons of Using mango powder making machine
Pros:
1. Efficiency: Mango powder making machines are highly efficient and can process large quantities of mangoes in a short period of time. This saves time and labor costs.
2. Consistency: The use of mango powder making machines ensures that the quality of the mango powder is consistent. This is because the machine grinds the mangoes into a fine powder, ensuring that the particles are of the same size.
3. Hygiene: Mango powder making machines are made of stainless steel, which is easy to clean and maintain. This ensures that the mango powder produced is hygienic and safe for consumption.
4. Cost-effective: Mango powder making machines are cost-effective in the long run. This is because they reduce labor costs and increase productivity, resulting in higher profits.
Cons:
1. Initial cost: The initial cost of purchasing a mango powder making machine can be high. This may be a challenge for small-scale businesses or startups.
2. Maintenance: Mango powder making machines require regular maintenance to ensure that they function properly. This may require additional costs for repairs and replacement of parts.
3. Size: Mango powder making machines can be large and bulky, requiring a significant amount of space for installation and operation.
4. Noise: Mango powder making machines can be noisy during operation, which may be a disturbance to the surrounding environment.
In conclusion, the use of mango powder making machines has several advantages, including efficiency, consistency, hygiene, and cost-effectiveness. However, there are also some disadvantages, such as the initial cost, maintenance requirements, size, and noise. It is important to consider these factors before investing in a mango powder making machine.
mango powder making machine Reference Specifications (varies for different product)
A mango powder making machine is a specialized piece of equipment used to process fresh mangoes into a fine powder form. The machine is designed to extract the pulp and juice from the fruit, and then dry it to a powder consistency. The following are some reference specifications for a typical mango powder making machine:
– Capacity: The capacity of the machine varies depending on the model and design. Generally, it ranges from 50 kg to 500 kg per hour.
– Material: The machine is made of high-quality stainless steel, which is durable and easy to clean.
– Power: The machine is powered by electricity and requires a voltage of 220V/50Hz.
– Motor: The motor used in the machine is of high quality and has a power rating of 1-3 HP.
– Processing method: The machine uses a combination of crushing, grinding, and drying to process the mangoes into powder form.
– Control system: The machine is equipped with a control panel that allows the operator to adjust the speed and temperature of the machine.
– Safety features: The machine is designed with safety features such as overload protection, emergency stop button, and automatic shut-off in case of any malfunction.
In conclusion, a mango powder making machine is a highly efficient and specialized piece of equipment that is used to process fresh mangoes into a fine powder form. It is made of high-quality stainless steel, has a capacity of up to 500 kg per hour, and is equipped with safety features and a control panel for ease of use.
Applications of mango powder making machine and Type of Companies use mango powder making machine
Mango powder making machine is a versatile machine that is used to convert fresh mangoes into powder form. The machine is widely used in the food processing industry, especially in the production of mango powder. Mango powder is a popular ingredient in many food products, including sauces, chutneys, and desserts. The machine is also used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce mango extract, which is used in the production of medicines.
The mango powder making machine is used by a variety of companies, including food processing companies, spice manufacturers, and pharmaceutical companies. These companies use the machine to produce high-quality mango powder that is used in a variety of products. The machine is also used by small-scale businesses and home-based entrepreneurs who want to produce mango powder for personal or commercial use.
Food processing companies use the mango powder making machine to produce mango powder that is used in the production of various food products. The machine is used to grind fresh mangoes into a fine powder, which is then used as a flavoring agent in sauces, chutneys, and desserts. The machine is also used to produce mango pulp, which is used in the production of mango juice and other beverages.
Spice manufacturers use the mango powder making machine to produce high-quality mango powder that is used as a spice in various dishes. The machine is used to grind dried mangoes into a fine powder, which is then used as a flavoring agent in curries, stews, and other dishes.
Pharmaceutical companies use the mango powder making machine to produce mango extract, which is used in the production of medicines. Mango extract is known for its antioxidant properties and is used in the production of medicines that treat various health conditions.
In conclusion, the mango powder making machine is a versatile machine that is used in various industries, including food processing, spice manufacturing, and pharmaceuticals. The machine is used to produce high-quality mango powder and extract, which are used in a variety of products. The machine is also used by small-scale businesses and home-based entrepreneurs who want to produce mango powder for personal or commercial use.
Quality Testing Methods for mango powder making machine and Work Process Use mango powder making machine
Quality testing methods for mango powder making machine involve several steps to ensure that the machine is functioning correctly and producing high-quality mango powder. The following are some of the quality testing methods for mango powder making machine:
1. Visual Inspection: The first step in quality testing is to visually inspect the machine for any defects or damages. This includes checking the machine’s components, such as the blades, hopper, and motor, for any signs of wear and tear.
2. Performance Testing: The next step is to test the machine’s performance by running it with mangoes. This involves checking the machine’s speed, efficiency, and output capacity. The machine should be able to grind the mangoes into a fine powder without any lumps or chunks.
3. Hygiene Testing: It is essential to ensure that the machine is hygienic and free from any contaminants. This involves checking the machine’s cleanliness and sanitization procedures.
4. Taste Testing: The final step is to taste the mango powder produced by the machine. The powder should have a sweet and tangy taste, and the flavor should be consistent throughout.
The work process of using a mango powder making machine involves the following steps:
1. Cleaning: Before using the machine, it is essential to clean it thoroughly to remove any dirt or debris.
2. Preparation: Cut the mangoes into small pieces and remove the skin and seed.
3. Grinding: Place the mango pieces into the hopper of the machine and turn it on. The machine will grind the mangoes into a fine powder.
4. Sieving: Once the mangoes are ground, sieve the powder to remove any lumps or chunks.
5. Packaging: Finally, package the mango powder in airtight containers to preserve its freshness and flavor.
In conclusion, quality testing methods for mango powder making machine are crucial to ensure that the machine is functioning correctly and producing high-quality mango powder. The work process of using the machine involves cleaning, preparation, grinding, sieving, and packaging.
Comprehensive Analysis of mango powder making machine Costs: Including Visible and Hidden Costs
Mango powder making machines are used to process mangoes into powder form. The cost of these machines includes both visible and hidden costs. Visible costs include the purchase price of the machine, shipping costs, and installation costs. Hidden costs include maintenance and repair costs, energy costs, and labor costs.
The purchase price of a mango powder making machine varies depending on the size and capacity of the machine. Small machines can cost around $500, while larger machines can cost up to $10,000. Shipping costs can add an additional $100 to $500, depending on the distance the machine needs to be transported. Installation costs can range from $100 to $1,000, depending on the complexity of the installation process.
Hidden costs associated with mango powder making machines include maintenance and repair costs. These costs can vary depending on the frequency of use and the quality of the machine. Energy costs can also be a significant hidden cost, as these machines require electricity to operate. The cost of electricity will depend on the local utility rates and the amount of time the machine is in use. Labor costs are another hidden cost, as operators will need to be trained to use the machine and will need to be paid for their time.
In conclusion, the cost of a mango powder making machine includes both visible and hidden costs. Visible costs include the purchase price, shipping costs, and installation costs. Hidden costs include maintenance and repair costs, energy costs, and labor costs. When considering the purchase of a mango powder making machine, it is important to take into account both visible and hidden costs to determine the true cost of the machine over its lifetime.
Payment Terms for mango powder making machine and Bulk Purchase Discounts and Price Variances Among Suppliers
When purchasing a mango powder making machine, payment terms may vary depending on the supplier. Some suppliers may require full payment upfront, while others may offer payment plans or financing options. It is important to discuss payment terms with the supplier before making a purchase to ensure that they are feasible for your budget and financial situation.
Bulk purchase discounts may also be available when buying a mango powder making machine. Suppliers may offer lower prices for larger orders, which can be beneficial for businesses or individuals looking to produce mango powder on a larger scale. It is important to inquire about bulk purchase discounts and compare prices among different suppliers to ensure that you are getting the best deal.
Price variances among suppliers may also exist when purchasing a mango powder making machine. It is important to research and compare prices among different suppliers to ensure that you are getting a fair price for the machine. However, it is also important to consider other factors such as quality, customer service, and warranty when making a decision on which supplier to purchase from.
In conclusion, payment terms, bulk purchase discounts, and price variances among suppliers are important factors to consider when purchasing a mango powder making machine. It is important to do research and compare prices and terms among different suppliers to ensure that you are getting the best deal for your budget and needs.
Chinese Regulations and Industry Standards Certifications for mango powder making machine
In China, the mango powder making machine industry is regulated by various government agencies and industry associations. The most important regulations and certifications for mango powder making machines are:
1. Food Safety Law: This law regulates the production, processing, and sale of food products in China. Mango powder making machines must comply with the food safety standards set by this law.
2. China Compulsory Certification (CCC): This certification is mandatory for all products sold in China, including mango powder making machines. It ensures that the product meets the safety and quality standards set by the government.
3. National Standards: The National Standards of China are mandatory technical regulations that set the minimum requirements for the design, production, and testing of mango powder making machines.
4. ISO 9001: This certification is an international standard for quality management systems. Mango powder making machine manufacturers can obtain this certification to demonstrate their commitment to quality and customer satisfaction.
5. CE Marking: This certification is mandatory for all products sold in the European Union. Mango powder making machines must comply with the safety and quality standards set by the EU to obtain this certification.
6. China Food and Packaging Machinery Industry Association (CFPMA): This industry association sets the standards for the design, production, and testing of food and packaging machinery in China. Mango powder making machine manufacturers can obtain certification from CFPMA to demonstrate their compliance with industry standards.
In conclusion, mango powder making machine manufacturers in China must comply with various regulations and certifications to ensure the safety and quality of their products. These regulations and certifications help to protect consumers and promote the development of the mango powder making machine industry in China.
Navigating Import Regulations and Customs for mango powder making machine from China
Importing a mango powder making machine from China requires compliance with import regulations and customs procedures. The first step is to identify the Harmonized System (HS) code for the machine, which is 8438.50.00. This code is used to determine the applicable import duties, taxes, and fees.
The next step is to ensure that the machine meets the safety and quality standards of the importing country. In the case of mango powder making machines, it is important to ensure that the machine is made of food-grade materials and complies with the relevant food safety regulations.
Once the machine has been purchased from the supplier in China, it needs to be shipped to the importing country. The shipping method and carrier should be chosen based on the delivery time, cost, and reliability. The supplier should provide the necessary documents, such as the commercial invoice, packing list, and bill of lading, to facilitate the customs clearance process.
At the port of entry, the machine will be inspected by customs officials to ensure that it complies with the import regulations and standards. The importer may need to provide additional documents, such as the certificate of origin and import license, depending on the requirements of the importing country.
Finally, the importer will need to pay the applicable import duties, taxes, and fees before the machine can be released from customs. The amount of these charges will depend on the HS code, value of the machine, and other factors.
In summary, importing a mango powder making machine from China requires compliance with import regulations and customs procedures, including identifying the HS code, ensuring compliance with safety and quality standards, choosing a shipping method and carrier, providing necessary documents, passing customs inspection, and paying import duties, taxes, and fees.
Procurement and Considerations when Purchasing mango powder making machine
Procurement of a mango powder making machine requires careful consideration of several factors to ensure that the machine meets the specific needs of the buyer. Some of the considerations when purchasing a mango powder making machine include:
1. Capacity: The capacity of the machine is an important consideration as it determines the amount of mango powder that can be produced at a time. The buyer should consider the quantity of mango powder they intend to produce and choose a machine that can meet their production needs.
2. Efficiency: The efficiency of the machine is critical as it affects the quality of the mango powder produced and the time taken to produce it. The buyer should choose a machine that is efficient and produces high-quality powder.
3. Durability: The durability of the machine is essential as it determines the lifespan of the machine and the maintenance costs. The buyer should choose a machine made of high-quality materials that can withstand the rigors of daily use.
4. Cost: The cost of the machine is an important consideration as it affects the budget of the buyer. The buyer should choose a machine that is within their budget but also meets their production needs.
5. Maintenance: The maintenance requirements of the machine should also be considered. The buyer should choose a machine that is easy to maintain and repair to minimize downtime.
In conclusion, when purchasing a mango powder making machine, the buyer should consider the capacity, efficiency, durability, cost, and maintenance requirements of the machine. By considering these factors, the buyer can choose a machine that meets their specific needs and produces high-quality mango powder.
Sourcing mango powder making machine from China: Opportunities, Risks, and Key Players
China is a leading manufacturer of mango powder making machines, offering a wide range of options for buyers. The country’s vast manufacturing industry and competitive pricing make it an attractive destination for sourcing such equipment. However, there are also risks associated with sourcing from China, including quality control issues, language barriers, and intellectual property concerns.
One of the key players in the mango powder making machine market in China is Jiangsu Chenfeng Mechanical Electrical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. The company offers a range of machines for processing fruits and vegetables, including mangoes. Their machines are known for their high efficiency and quality, making them a popular choice among buyers.
Another major player in the market is Shanghai Jump Machinery & Technology Co., Ltd. The company offers a range of mango processing equipment, including mango pulp machines, mango juice machines, and mango powder machines. Their machines are designed to be easy to operate and maintain, making them a popular choice among small and medium-sized businesses.
When sourcing mango powder making machines from China, it is important to work with a reputable supplier who can provide quality equipment and reliable after-sales support. Buyers should also be aware of the risks associated with sourcing from China and take steps to mitigate these risks, such as conducting thorough due diligence and working with a trusted third-party logistics provider.
Cultivating Successful Business Relationships with Chinese mango powder making machine Suppliers
When it comes to sourcing mango powder making machines from Chinese suppliers, building strong business relationships is crucial for success. Here are some tips to cultivate successful business relationships with Chinese suppliers:
1. Communication: Effective communication is the key to building a strong relationship with Chinese suppliers. It is important to establish clear communication channels and ensure that both parties understand each other’s expectations.
2. Trust: Building trust is essential in any business relationship. Chinese suppliers value trust and loyalty, so it is important to be transparent and honest in all dealings.
3. Respect: Chinese culture places a high value on respect, so it is important to show respect to suppliers by being punctual, polite, and courteous.
4. Face-to-face meetings: Face-to-face meetings are important in Chinese culture, as they help to build trust and establish personal relationships. It is recommended to visit suppliers in person to build a strong relationship.
5. Payment terms: Chinese suppliers often prefer upfront payment or payment on delivery. It is important to establish clear payment terms and ensure that both parties are comfortable with the payment schedule.
6. Quality control: Chinese suppliers are known for producing high-quality products, but it is important to establish clear quality control measures to ensure that the products meet your standards.
By following these tips, you can cultivate successful business relationships with Chinese mango powder making machine suppliers and ensure a smooth and successful sourcing process.
Sustainability and Environmental Considerations in mango powder making machine Manufacturing
Sustainability and environmental considerations are becoming increasingly important in the manufacturing industry, including the production of mango powder making machines. The use of sustainable materials, energy-efficient processes, and waste reduction strategies can help to reduce the environmental impact of manufacturing and promote a more sustainable future.
One way to promote sustainability in mango powder making machine manufacturing is to use eco-friendly materials. This can include using recycled materials or materials that are biodegradable or compostable. For example, manufacturers can use bamboo or other sustainable materials for the machine’s frame and components.
Another way to promote sustainability is to use energy-efficient processes. This can include using renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power to power the manufacturing process. Additionally, manufacturers can implement energy-efficient technologies such as LED lighting and high-efficiency motors to reduce energy consumption.
Waste reduction strategies can also help to promote sustainability in mango powder making machine manufacturing. This can include implementing a closed-loop manufacturing process where waste materials are reused or recycled. Additionally, manufacturers can implement lean manufacturing principles to reduce waste and improve efficiency.
Overall, sustainability and environmental considerations are important in mango powder making machine manufacturing. By using eco-friendly materials, energy-efficient processes, and waste reduction strategies, manufacturers can reduce their environmental impact and promote a more sustainable future.
The Evolution and Market Trends in mango powder making machine Industry
The mango powder making machine industry has undergone significant evolution and market trends in recent years. The demand for mango powder has increased due to its various health benefits and its use in the food and beverage industry. This has led to the development of advanced mango powder making machines that are more efficient and produce high-quality powder.
One of the major trends in the mango powder making machine industry is the use of advanced technology. Manufacturers are incorporating advanced features such as automation, digital controls, and sensors to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the machines. This has led to increased productivity and reduced labor costs.
Another trend in the industry is the focus on sustainability. Manufacturers are developing machines that are energy-efficient and eco-friendly. This is in response to the growing concern for the environment and the need to reduce carbon emissions.
The market for mango powder making machines is also expanding. The demand for mango powder is increasing in various industries such as food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. This has led to the development of machines that can produce different types of mango powder to meet the diverse needs of customers.
In conclusion, the mango powder making machine industry has undergone significant evolution and market trends in recent years. The use of advanced technology, focus on sustainability, and expanding market are some of the key trends in the industry. Manufacturers are continuously innovating to meet the growing demand for high-quality mango powder.
The Role of Agents and Sourcing Companies in Facilitating mango powder making machine Purchases from China
Agents and sourcing companies play a crucial role in facilitating mango powder making machine purchases from China. These entities act as intermediaries between buyers and manufacturers, providing a range of services that help streamline the procurement process.
One of the primary functions of agents and sourcing companies is to identify reliable manufacturers that can produce high-quality mango powder making machines. They have extensive networks and knowledge of the Chinese market, which enables them to identify the most suitable suppliers for a particular product.
Once a suitable manufacturer has been identified, agents and sourcing companies negotiate prices and terms on behalf of the buyer. They also ensure that the manufacturer meets all the necessary quality and safety standards, and that the product is delivered on time and in good condition.
Agents and sourcing companies also provide logistical support, including arranging for shipping and handling customs clearance. They can also provide translation services and help with any cultural or language barriers that may arise during the procurement process.
Overall, agents and sourcing companies play a critical role in facilitating mango powder making machine purchases from China. They help buyers navigate the complexities of the Chinese market, identify reliable suppliers, negotiate prices and terms, and provide logistical support. By working with these entities, buyers can save time and money, and ensure that they receive high-quality products that meet their specific needs.
How to use import and export data website importyeti.com to search the company and mango powder making machine
ImportYeti.com is a website that provides import and export data of various companies. To search for a company and mango powder making machine, follow the steps below:
1. Go to ImportYeti.com and create an account if you don’t have one already.
2. Click on the “Search” tab and select “Import Search” from the dropdown menu.
3. In the “Product Description” field, type “mango powder making machine” and click on the “Search” button.
4. The website will display a list of companies that have imported or exported mango powder making machines. You can filter the results by country, date range, and other criteria.
5. Click on a company’s name to view its import and export history, including the quantity, value, and origin of the products.
6. You can also use the “Export Search” feature to find companies that have exported mango powder making machines. Simply select “Export Search” from the dropdown menu and enter the relevant search criteria.
In conclusion, ImportYeti.com is a useful tool for searching for companies and products in the import and export industry. By following the above steps, you can easily find companies that import or export mango powder making machines and gather valuable information about their trade history.
How to use Chinese Business Search Platform: qcc.com to check mango powder making machine company credit
Qcc.com is a Chinese business search platform that provides information on companies registered in China. It is a useful tool for businesses looking to check the creditworthiness of potential partners or suppliers. Here’s how to use qcc.com to check the credit of a mango powder making machine company:
1. Go to qcc.com and enter the name of the company you want to check in the search bar. You can also search by the company’s registration number or the name of its legal representative.
2. Once you have found the company, click on its name to view its profile. The profile will provide basic information about the company, including its registered address, business scope, and legal status.
3. To check the company’s credit, look for the “Credit Report” tab on the company’s profile page. Click on this tab to view the company’s credit report.
4. The credit report will provide information on the company’s credit history, including its credit rating, credit limit, and payment behavior. It will also include information on any legal disputes or bankruptcies the company has been involved in.
5. Use the information in the credit report to assess the company’s creditworthiness. If the company has a good credit rating and a history of timely payments, it is likely a reliable partner or supplier. If the company has a poor credit rating or a history of late payments or legal disputes, it may be best to avoid doing business with them.
In summary, qcc.com is a useful tool for checking the creditworthiness of Chinese companies. By following these steps, you can use qcc.com to check the credit of a mango powder making machine company and make an informed decision about whether to do business with them.
Overcoming Challenges and Facilitation of Sourcing mango powder making machine from China
Sourcing mango powder making machines from China can be a challenging task due to language barriers, cultural differences, and lack of knowledge about the market. However, with the right approach, these challenges can be overcome, and the process can be facilitated.
One way to overcome language barriers is to work with a local agent or translator who can communicate with Chinese suppliers on your behalf. This will ensure that you can effectively communicate your requirements and negotiate the best deals.
Cultural differences can also be a challenge when sourcing from China. It is important to understand the Chinese business culture and etiquette to avoid misunderstandings and build strong relationships with suppliers. Building trust and rapport with suppliers is crucial to ensure a smooth and successful sourcing process.
Lack of knowledge about the market can also be a challenge when sourcing from China. It is important to conduct thorough research on the suppliers, their products, and the market to ensure that you are getting the best quality products at the best prices. Attending trade shows and exhibitions in China can also provide valuable insights into the market and help you connect with potential suppliers.
In conclusion, sourcing mango powder making machines from China can be a challenging task, but with the right approach, these challenges can be overcome. Working with local agents or translators, understanding the Chinese business culture, and conducting thorough research can facilitate the sourcing process and ensure a successful outcome.
FAQs on Sourcing and Manufacturing mango powder making machine in China
1. What is mango powder making machine?
Mango powder making machine is a machine that is used to process mangoes into powder form. It is used in the food processing industry to make mango powder, which is used as a flavoring agent in various food products.
2. Can I source mango powder making machine from China?
Yes, you can source mango powder making machine from China. China is one of the leading manufacturers of food processing machinery, and there are many reliable suppliers of mango powder making machines in China.
3. What are the benefits of sourcing mango powder making machine from China?
Sourcing mango powder making machine from China has several benefits, including lower costs, high-quality machinery, and a wide range of options to choose from. Chinese manufacturers are known for their expertise in producing high-quality machinery at competitive prices.
4. How do I find a reliable supplier of mango powder making machine in China?
To find a reliable supplier of mango powder making machine in China, you can search online directories such as Alibaba, Made-in-China, or Global Sources. You can also attend trade shows and exhibitions in China to meet with suppliers in person.
5. How do I ensure the quality of mango powder making machine from China?
To ensure the quality of mango powder making machine from China, you should conduct a thorough inspection of the machinery before making a purchase. You can also ask for samples or references from previous customers to verify the quality of the machinery.
6. Can I customize mango powder making machine according to my requirements?
Yes, most Chinese manufacturers offer customization services for mango powder making machine. You can provide your specifications and requirements to the manufacturer, and they will design and manufacture the machinery accordingly.
7. What is the lead time for manufacturing mango powder making machine in China?
The lead time for manufacturing mango powder making machine in China varies depending on the complexity of the machinery and the manufacturer’s production capacity. Generally, it takes around 30-60 days to manufacture the machinery.
